Love Me or Fear Me? Unraveling the Paradox of Anthropomorphism and Interaction Willingness in the Shadow of Uncanny Valley Effect and Theory of Mind

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Abstract: We experimentally examined how anthropomorphism of appearance (AA) and behavior anthropomorphism (BA) in humanoid robots affect people’s willingness to interact with such via theory of mind and uncanny valley effect. Our findings (N = 100) revealed contrasting effects by AA and BA on interaction willingness via the two abovementioned mechanisms.