Prefrontal GABA and Glx Levels Correlate with Auditory and Visual Sustained Attention

We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure levels of glutamate–glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the prefrontal cortex. Twenty-nine participants pressed a button for frequent Go trials and withheld responses to infrequent No-go trials. Our results suggest that a neural balance between excitation and inhibition is involved in 400-s attentional fluctuations.