Paternal Controlling Parenting and Child-Perceived Father-Child Attachment Mediate the Association between Paternal Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adolescent Behavioral Difficulties

In a Scottish cohort of adolescent (N=1397), (a) paternal ACEs were associated with adolescent behavioral difficulties, (b) there is a significant indirect effect of paternal ACEs on adolescent behavioral difficulties, through paternal controlling parenting and child-perceived father-child attachment. Results highlight the need to attend to both parental and child factors.