Cross-Cultural Differences and Similarities in the Use of Emotion Regulation (ER) Strategies: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

East-Asians use more suppression and less expression than Westerners, which might be associated with lower life satisfaction. No differences emerged in depression and usage of reappraisal. Self-compassion, avoidance, acceptance, rumination, mindfulness, and distraction have not been studied cross-culturally. Most studies failed to distinguish emotional valence in assessment of ER strategy.