Analyzing Adolescent Development of Self-Reflection Using Narrative Structures: Plot, Symbol, Theme, and Perspective

Developmental/narrative research using Tree of Meaning© protocol, shows that self-perspective may develop between ages 11 and 19 (p < .026). Levels of narrative comprehension develop sequentially: 1) Plot; 2) Narrative Symbol; 3) Story Theme; 4) Self-Perspective. Students may develop Self-Perspective by 11, but most achieve this level by 19.