Democratic Backsliding: Dissecting the Interplay between Populism and Authoritarianism and Their Effect on Democracy, Plurality, and Identification.

Democratic backsliding is a major concern around the world because of authoritarian-populist movements. We found that this interaction predicted greater skepticism toward electoral integrity and democracy (Study 1), perceived cultural threat and lower trust of Chancellor Merkel (Study 2), greater identification with anti-establishment groups (Study 3), and anti-pluralism (Study 4).