The Effect of Angry and Sad Facial Expressions on the Perception of Warmth and Competence: Interactions with Gender and Race

This study tested whether counter-stereotypical emotional expressions (males expressing sadness and females expressing anger) were rated differently on warmth and competence. A three-way interaction among race, gender, and emotion suggested that gendered expectations about emotion expression depended on race; this interaction was replicated in a second study with different stimuli.