First-Hand Knowledge Helps 3-Year-Olds Reinterpret Misinformation from Broken Machines, but Not from Deceptive People

Three-year-olds searched for a ball after it was dropped down one of two criss-crossing tubes. Half could see the ball travel, half could not. Correct searches were more common when children were misinformed by a "broken" machine than by a deceptive person, especially if children had conflicting first-hand knowledge.