Contextual Risk, Alternate Caregiver Parenting, and Young Children's Self-Regulation

This study examined the role of fathers, alternate caregivers, and mothers, in promoting their toddlers’ self-regulation skills in low-income families. Family risk indicators included parent education, income, household crowding and instability. Self-regulation and parenting were observed and reported. Significant associations were found between risk, parenting behaviors, and toddler self-regulation skills.