Risk and Protective Factors in First Half-Year Associated with Parenting Stress at 12 Months in Mothers of Infants with and without Craniofacial Anomalies

Social support, depression, and anxiety differed significantly between mothers of infants with and without craniofacial anomalies in the first half-year. Support and positive childhood relationships were negatively correlated with stress and dysfunctional interaction at 12 months. Earlier depression and anxiety may predict higher 12-month stress and dysfunctional interaction.