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Replication failures in psychology not due to differences in study populations
A large-scale effort to replicate results in psychology research has rebuffed claims that failures to reproduce social-science findings might be down to differences in study populations. The drive recruited labs around the world to try to replicate the results of 28 classic and contemporary psychology experiments. Only half were reproduced successfully using a strict threshold for significance that was set at P < 0.0001 (the P value is a common test for judging the strength of scientific evidence).
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New Research From Clinical Psychological Science
A sample of research articles exploring new insights into cognitive behavior therapies and cognitive processes associated with rumination and depression.
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The Trick to Keeping Friends as We Get Older
Two or three times a week, Alan J. Fink, 64, the owner and manager of a box business in Baltimore, listens as his mother wishes out loud that she had good friends to go out with. That is worrisome for his mother, who is 88—and for himself. “I don’t want to be in her position in another 20 years,” Mr. Fink says. He frets that his circle of friends should be wider, “so that, down the pike, we’ll all be available to each other—if and when we need each other.” A growing body of data confirms that friends are essential to our medical, psychological and social well-being as we age. Yet many people find it difficult to maintain their circles of friends as they grow older.
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Bad First Impressions Are Not Set in Stone
Common wisdom holds that negative first impressions are hard to shake—and some research backs this up. But such studies often unfairly compare impressions based on immoral deeds that are extreme and relatively rare (such as selling drugs to kids) with impressions based on kindnesses that are more common (such as sharing an umbrella). A new set of studies involving precisely balanced behaviors finds that people are more willing to change their mind about individuals who initially come off as selfish than about those they deem selfless.
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In the autumn, squirrels think about nuts so much that it may make their brains bigger
In the world of squirrel researchers, Stephanie Preston, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, is a bit of a legend. “She’s the one that actually discovered the head flick and it was first to document it,” says Mikel Delgado, a postdoctoral fellow at the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of California-Davis. That head flick is just one of several ways that squirrels assess nuts to either eat them or store them away for the winter. “She showed that the squirrels were actually weighing the nut as they shake their heads,” says Lucia Jacobs, professor of psychology at the University of California-Berkeley, where both Delgado and Preston did their graduate work.
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Social scientists reveal everything you need to know about holding the perfect meeting
Does your boss have an unhealthy relationship with flow charts? Do your colleagues scroll on their phones during meetings? Do you find meetings that should take 15 minutes last an hour? You’re not alone, but help is on the way thanks to a team of psychological scientists who analyzed nearly 200 scientific studies of workplace meetings. Their report — with actionable tips on how to improve meetings — is published in the latest edition of the peer-reviewed “Current Directions in Psychological Science,” a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
