Understanding When Risk Perception Protects or Endangers Pedestrians: Evidence from the Perception of Risk Situations Scale for Pedestrians (PRSS-P)

This empirical study developed and validated the 40-item Perception of Risky Situations Scale for Pedestrians (PRSS-P) (α = .97), distinguishing three risk dimensions: Pedestrian-Related, Driver-Related, and Infrastructure-Related Risk Perception. Moderation analyses (N=402) showed that attitudes significantly shaped risk perception's effect: rule scepticism amplified violations, while cooperative views promoted positive behaviors.