Mind the (Cultural) Gap: Neuropsychological Test Harmonization for Culturally Diverse Populations

We catalogued statistical cognitive harmonization methods in Western neuropsychology across diverse cultural/linguistic contexts and identified domains susceptible to cross-cultural bias. Across studies (N = 11,464), verbally-loaded and culturally-bound tasks most often failed full equivalence. While harmonization reduces bias and enables comparisons, we outline steps advancing culturally valid neuropsychological assessment.