Do Deviant Stimuli Hinder Response Repetition, Facilitate Response Change, or Both?

We examined how unexpected sounds influence action control in a cross-modal oddball task. Across 2- and 4-AFC conditions, deviant sounds consistently impaired response repetition but facilitated response change, with stronger facilitation when only one alternative response was available. Results reveal two dissociable, context-sensitive effects of auditory deviance on behavior.