Developing Two Distinct English Measures of Effort-Based and Valence-Based Belief in a Just World

Virtual · October 2025

Poster · Personality/Emotion

Gabriel Nudelman
The Academic College of Tel-Aviv-Yaffo
Yuan Cheng
NingboTech University
Kathleen Otto
Philipps-Universität Marburg

Abstract

We developed English-language measures of effort-based and valence-based belief in a just world (EBJW, VBJW) using two U.S. samples (n = 311, 276; 51% women). Reliabilities: α = .92, .96 (EBJW, VBJW). EBJW predicted hard work and internal locus of control; VBJW predicted prosocial behavior, beyond general just-world belief.

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Developing Two Distinct English Measures of Effort-Based and Valence-Based Belief in a Just World

Abstract

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