Stereo-Typing: AI Chatbots’ Appearance of Typing Increases Women’s Belief in a False Stereotype

Can human-like AI chatbots increase belief in false stereotypes by triggering social identity threat? Our experiment (N=990) shows that an AI chatbot with an anthropomorphic typing animation increased women’s belief in the stereotype that men outperform them in mathematics (p < .001), and this effect was mediated by perceived anthropomorphism.