Learning-Relevant Emotion Socialization: Validation of a Novel Questionnaire Measure for Mothers and Fathers from Diverse Families

When children struggle with learning or completing a game, school assignment, or chore, they may get frustrated or discouraged. The proposed research will develop a novel questionnaire of parents’ learning-relevant emotion socialization strategies. The mixed-method validation study includes parent interviews and a large-scale survey of 1,600 mothers and fathers.