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Symposium
Self-Regulation of Effort: Adaptive and Maladaptive Processes
Sunday, May 27, 2012,
12:00 PM - 1:20 PM
Chicago Ballroom VIII
Chair:
Sander L. Koole
VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Chair:
Guido Gendolla
University of Geneva, Switzerland
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The present symposium brings together a broad range of new, multidisciplinary, and international perspectives on effort mobilization. Contributions focus on overexertion, the role of effort mobilization in clinical disorders, the role of explicit and implicit emotion, and positive fantasies in effort mobilization.
Trying Too Hard: The Link Between Overexertion and State Orientation
Sander L. Koole
VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Overexertion is a paradoxical phenomenon that occurs when effort mobilization leads to poorer performance. Three studies show that overexertion effects are particularly prevalent among state-oriented individuals, who are prone to perseverating motivational-affective states. These findings suggest that trying harder can sometimes be a counterproductive strategy.
Self-Regulation of Effort in Bipolar Disorder
Charles S. Carver
University of Miami
Some processes of normal effort mobilization are displayed to an exaggerated degree in bipolar disorder. These exaggerations may account for some problems to which the disorder leads. Consideration of these problems suggests places where understanding of normal behavior often fails to appreciate boundaries on what is generally viewed as adaptive processes.
Co-Author: Sheri L. Johnson, University of California, Berkeley
Beyond Valence: Implicit Sadness vs. Anger Cues and the Self-Regulation of Effort
Guido H.E. Gendolla
University of Geneva, Switzerland
We report a series of recent experiments showing that task-related cardiovascular reactivity is differently influenced by implicit sadness versus anger cues processed during task performance. While sadness cues render tasks more difficult, anger cues have facilitating effects, resembling happiness and leading to different effects of task difficulty and incentive manipulations.
Co-Author: Laure Freydefont, University of Geneva, Switzerland
Positive Future Fantasies Reduce Physiological Energization Instantly and Over Time
Gabriele Oettingen
New York University/University of Hamburg, Germany
Positive (vs. questioning) future fantasies lower subsequent energization assessed by systolic blood pressure (Kappes & Oettingen, 2011). In the present research, positive fantasies (vs. fantasies contrasted with present reality) decreased energization instantly (Study 1) and over time (Study 2), within (Study 1) and across domains (Study 2).
Co-Author: Timur Sevir, University of Hamburg, Germany
Co-Author: Heather B. Kappes, New York University
Co-Author: Birger Bosy, University of Hamburg, Germany
Subject Area: Personality/Emotion
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